AIG

Instructor: H. Kulickowski

Subject: A.I.G.

Grade Level: 8th grade

This is to be used either as a whole or in pieces as needed to go with part or all of the lesson “The Circle of Life” to enrich the experience where needed for students who need to reach.

Overview Students will use the 15 life events to create an addendum to the science cell theory timeline and will also include 10 events researched from North Carolina history and 30 events from the oldest known rocks, 3.3 billion years ago.

Materials

Writing tools Register tape Meter Stick Computer Colored pencils

Planning and Diagnostics “Which skills will be taught and which specific SCOS standards will be addressed?”

MATH- Goal 1: The learner will understand and compute with real numbers. Goal 1.02: Develop flexibility in solving problems by selecting strategies and using mental computation, estimation, calculators, or computers, and paper and pencil. Goal 3: The learner will understand and use properties and relationships in geometry. Goal 4.01: Collect, organize, analyze, and display data (including scatterplots) to solve problems. SCIENCE 1.05 Analyze evidence to: •	explain observations. •	make inferences and predictions. •	develop the relationship between evidence and explanation 1.07 Prepare models and/or computer simulations to: •	Test hypotheses. •	Evaluate how data fit. •	Make predictions 1.09 Use technologies and information systems to: •	Research. •	Gather and analyze data. •	Visualize data.

5.01 Interpret ways in which rocks, fossils, and ice cores record Earth's geologic history and the evolution of life including: •	Geologic Time Scale. •	Index Fossils. •	Law of Superposition. •	Unconformity. •	Evidence for climate change. •	Extinction of species.

5.03 Examine evidence that the geologic evolution has had significant global impact including: •	Distribution of living things. •	Major geological events. ALGEBRA Goal 1: The learner will perform operations with real numbers to solve problems. Goal 3: The learner will collect, organize, and interpret data with matrices and linear models to solve problems. (b) Check the model for goodness-of-fit and use the model, where appropriate, to draw conclusions or make predictions. SOCIAL STUDIES 1.02 Identify and describe American Indians who inhabited the regions that became Carolina and assess their impact on the colony. 5.04 Identify technological advances, and evaluate their influence on the quality of life in North Carolina.

7.05 Evaluate the major changes and events that have affected the roles of local, state, and national governments 8.02 List economic and technological advances occurring in North Carolina since 1970 COMMUNICATIONS Goal 2: The learner will use and evaluate information from a variety of sources. Goal 2.02: Create a research product in both written and presentational form by determining purpose, audience, and context; choosing a relevant topic; selecting presentational format (e.g., video, essay, interactive technology) appropriate to audience; evaluating information for extraneous detail, inconsistencies, relevant facts, and organization; researching and organizing information to achieve purpose; using notes and/or memory aids to structure information; supporting ideas with examples, definitions, analogies, and direct references to primary and secondary sources; citing sources used; employing graphics such as charts, diagrams, and graphs to enhance the communication of information Goal 6: The learner will apply conventions of grammar and language usage.

Main Lesson Activities Hook/Engagement: Include Essential Question The essential question is “Where are you in the circle of life?” Today we are going to focus on the geologic age of earth and ask ourselves where does North Carolina fit into this and where do we fit into this. Initially, there will be a discussion of the events describing themselves from communications such as birth, death of a family member or friend, first tooth, brother’s or sister’s birth, first time riding a two wheeler, etc… This will lead into a breakup of time periods such as infancy, childhood, etc… Then we will ask ourselves why we named these periods of time. Now it is time to discuss why the times on the earth are named, why they might have a particular name, how they are divided up, and why they are divided up.

Vocabulary

Apple Lisa Computer Bill of Rights Cenozoic Charles B. Aycock Colonial Period Constitution Eukaryotes Hernando de Soto Epochs Era Evolution Geologic time scale Glacial Period Halifax Resolves Homosapien John Locke Kill Devil Hill Lord Proprietors Mesozoic Native Tribes Paleozoic Periods Precambrian Primates Scale Model Secession Tidelands UNIVAC Computer Vertebrates Veto Power Wright Brothers

Measurable Objectives “Here’s what I’d like you to learn…”

•	Students will observe the Earth’s geologic history recorded. •	Students will observe how Earth’s geologic history affected animal species. •	Students will observe how the Earth changed geologically over time. •	Students will identify the geologic change that happened to the Earth during each era on the geologic time scale. •	Students will describe the events that occurred that marked the divisions in the geologic time scale. •	Students will solve relevant and authentic problems using appropriate technology and apply these concepts as well as those developed in earlier years. •	Students will identify main culture groups evolution of native culture over time. •	Students will compare in their timeline native culture groups to see evolution of native culture and compare with geologic time/events students know happened in history. Dinosaurs, ice age, Middle Ages, Columbus, etc, as well as adding in their own personal aspects of history to the scale. •	Students will observe how the government, people, and environment evolve over time. •	Students will analyze the evolution of change in the earth and its inhabitants and how it compares with the changes in what we know about North Carolina.

Focused Instruction “Let me show you something.”

Students will research, prepare, and present a geologic timeline which will include North Carolina and World history, and events from their own life to make comparisons and contrasts.

Practice in Authentic, Challenging Contexts Guided Practice “Let’s do it together.” Initially, there will be a discussion of the events describing themselves from communications such as birth, death of a family member or friend, first tooth, brother’s or sister’s birth, first time riding a two wheeler, etc… This will lead into a breakup of time periods such as infancy, childhood, etc… Then we will ask ourselves why we named these periods of time. Now it is time to discuss why the times on the earth are named, why they might have a particular name, how they are divided up, and why they are divided up.

Finally, students will take events and put them into chronological order and put them onto a timeline of World History which includes North Carolina history. They will make comparisons between their own history and that of the earth, world, and North Carolina.

Students will then be able to draw a parallel between their own life and how lines are drawn to divide the different regions of time in the geologic time of earth.

Independent Practice “Now you try.” Students will work independently with teacher guidance on the personal history time scales. They will discuss scale models, and how to come up with ideas for presentation of data.

Students are now divided into assigned teams or get into the teams previously assigned in another class. Student teams will receive 5 meters plus 2 meters of register tape plus each student will receive enough for their own personal timeline which will include their personal events. They will use the scale of 1 mm = 1 million years for the geologic time scale and 1 centimeter = 1 year for the personal timelines. They will have to work together as a team to come up with a scale to use for the World History Time Scale. They will use math and communication skills to help enrich science and social studies content.

Students will answer questions about the project once they have finished their work as a team.

As a team they will present the larger timeline and the smaller personal ones to the class.

Assessment “Let’s talk about what you’ve done.” Students will be graded on their ability to work as a team. Time Scales will be hung and checked by students for accuracy before presenting them to the class. Time Scales will be graded based on a rubric. Presentations will be graded based on a rubric. The final time scales will be a part of a whole which will include a writing piece, an art project of a map of the “Circle of Life”.

Reflection and Planning Teachers should get together as a team and determine how best to group students so that teams can remain intact throughout project even in different classrooms.

Resources California Academic Press http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Earth http://geomaps.wr.usgs.gov/socal/geology/geologic_history/images/geologic_time_scale.jpg http://inventors.about.com/library/blcoindex.htm http://statelibrary.dcr.state.nc.us/NC/HISTORY/HISTORY.HTM http://www.ncmuseumofhistory.org/nchh/amerindian.html http://www.teara.govt.nz/EarthSeaAndSky/Geology/GeologyOverview/11/en McDaniel, Maria. 8th Grade Science Teacher, Pitt County, North Carolina

Name:_______________________________ Directions for Time Scale 1.	Measure 5 meters, 2 meters, and 30 centimeters of register tape separately. 2.	Title the 5 meter tape “Geologic Time Scale”, the 2 meter tape “World History Scale”, and the 30 cm tape, “My Personal History Scale”. 3.	On the 5 meter tape use a scale of 1 mm =1 million years, write this scale under the title. 4.	On the 30 centimeter tape use a scale of 1 centimeter = 1 year, write this scale under the title. You are now going to do this activity with your teacher. Once it is complete you will complete the “Geologic Time Scale” in your group. 5.	Set the 2 meter tape aside until later. 6.	Write the names of the students in your group on the right end of the tape. 7.	To the left of your names, draw a line from top to bottom on the tape. Label this line with today’s date and the word “present time” on both tapes. 8.	On the 5 meter tape use the back of this sheet to mark off the important events in the history of the earth with the sheet titled “Geologic Time Scale.” Be sure to measure back from the line labeled “present time.” 9.	Mark events in pencil. When you finish, use a copy of a geologic chart to color code your time line: Precambrian	Black Paleozoic periods	Red Mesozoic periods	Yellow Cenozoic periods	Green Life forms	Blue NC History	Orange Other Historical	Purple

10.	Draw an example of a form of life common to each era or period on your timeline in the appropriate spot. 11.	Now you may take out the 2 meter tape. You will need to take the paper titled “World History Timeline Events” and as a group come up with a scale that will work evenly within 2 meters. 12.	Next, you will label and illustrate your events, making sure you draw a key so that the difference between world and North Carolina events is evident. QUESTIONS 1.	How old is the earth? The oldest know rock? Plant fossil? Animal Fossil? 2.	What do the timelines tell us about man and Earth history? 3.	Why is it important to have data in a visual form for analyzing it? 4.	What conclusions can you draw from analyzing the timelines?

Ages of Events For the Geologic Time Scale

1.	The big bang theory suggests the explosion of a supernova and the formation of the planet earth, 4.54 billion years ago 2.	Oldest known rocks, 3.3 billion years ago 3.	First known plants (algae), 3.2 billion years ago 4.	First Eukaryotes, 1.8 billion years ago 5.	First known animal (jellyfish), 1.2 billion years ago 6.	First fossil big enough to see with the eye, 600 million years ago 7.	Beginning of the Cambrian and first abundant fossils, 544 million years ago 8.	Beginning of the Ordovician, 505 million years ago 9.	First vertebrates, 500 million years ago 10.	Beginning of the Silurian, 440 million years ago a.	Air composition at this time might allow human survival 11.	Beginning of the Mississippian, 360 million years ago 12.	Beginning of the Pennsylvanian, 325 million years ago 13.	First reptiles, 290 million years ago 14.	Beginning of the Permian 286 million years ago 15.	Beginning of the Triassic, 248 million years ago 16.	First dinosaurs, 245 million years ago 17.	First mammals, 200 million years ago 18.	Beginning of the Jurassic, 213 million years ago 19.	First birds, 160 million years ago 20.	Beginning of the Cretaceous, 145 million years ago 21.	Beginning of the Paleocene, dinosaurs extinction, 65 million years ago 22.	First primates, 60 million years ago 23.	Beginning of the Eocene, 55 million years ago 24.	Beginning of the Oligocene, 34 million years ago 25.	Beginning of the Miocene, 24 million years ago 26.	Beginning of the Pliocene, 5 million years ago 27.	First human-like animals, 2 million years ago 28.	Beginning of the Pleistocene, 1.8 million years ago 29.	First creatures that resembled modern humans, 100,000 years ago 30.	Earth started to emerge from the latest glacial period, 18,000 years ago

World History Timeline Events

Year of Event	Event 1776	After writing John Adams for advice on writing the constitution, North Carolina enacted its own constitution. 1983	Apple Lisa Computer is the first home computer with a GUI (Graphical user interface). 1865	Assassination of Abraham Lincoln. 1963	Assassination of John F. Kennedy. 1968	Assassination of Martin Luther King 1893	Built by Charles and Frank Duryea, the first trials on the first gasoline powered car in America commence. 1663	Charles II granted the land charter to the eight Lord Proprietors who had helped him to regain the throne of England. 1492	Christopher Columbus leads expeditions for Spain to explore new trade routes in the Western Atlantic Ocean. 1865	End of the Civil War between the states. 1686	Final draft of Declaration of Independence was signed. 1584	First contact between European's and Algonquian Indian tribes of the tidelands in North Carolina. 1903	First successful flight of Orville and Wilber Wright at Kill Devil Hill, North Carolina. 1958	First US satellite orbited. 1715	General Assembly enacts a law denying blacks and Indians the right to vote. 1901	Governor Charles B. Aycock introduces a far reaching program of education throughout North Carolina. 1540	Hernando de Soto explored western portions of North Carolina looking for gold. 3000 BC	Hinduism began to form as one of the oldest religions still being practiced today. 1669	John Locke wrote the Fundamental Constitutions as a model for the government of Carolina. 100BC	Julius Caesar was born. 1333 BC	King Tutankhamun's ruled the 18th dynasty. 700	Many groups of american Indians live in area now called North Carolina. 79	Mt. Vesuvius erupts and destroys Pompeii. 1250	New Zealand was the last land area in the world to ber settled by humans with the arrival of the Maori. 1686	North Carolina authorized delegates to the Constitutional Congress to vote for independence. The Halifax Resolves were unanimously adoped. 1997	North Carolina governors are given veto powers over most types of legislation. 1871	North Carolina seceded from the union to become one of the Confederate States. 1789	North Carolina was one of the last 2 states to sign the US Constitution after it was ratified. 1868	North Carolina was readmitted to the union, becoming one of the United States of America. 1878	North Carolina's second constitution stated that all major state officers were elected by the people. 1959	Research Triangle Park is established to enhance North Carolina economic growth. 1729	Seven of the eight Lord Proprietors sold their interests in North Carolina to the crown and North Carolina became a royal colony. 1586	The first English settlement established at Roanoke Island. 1765	The Great Wagon Road traveled through the Piedmont region of North Carolina. 1789	The original 10 amendments included in the Bill of Rights were passed by congress. 1788	US Constitution was ratified in 1788 and it replaced the Articles of Confederation. 1650	White people move into Indian lands along coastal sounds and rivers of North Carolina.